Conservation managers and policy makers are often confronted with a challenging dilemma of devising suitable strategies to maintain agricultural productivitywhile conserving endemic species that at the early stages of becoming pests ofagricultural crops. Identification of environmental factors conducive to speciesrange expansion for forecasting species distribution patterns will play a centralrole in devising management strategies to minimize the conflict between theagricultural productivity and biodiversity conservation. Here, we present resultsof a study that predicts the distribution ofIndrella ampulla, a snail endemic tothe Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, which is becoming a pest in cardamom(Ellettaria cardamomum) plantations. We determined the distribution patternsand niche overlap betweenI. ampulla andEllettaria cardamomumusing maximum entropy (MaxEnt) niche modeling techniques under current and future(2020-2080) climatic scenarios. The results showed that climatic (precipitationof coldest quarter and isothermality) and soil (cation exchange capacity of soil[CEC]) parameters are major factors that determine the distribution of I. ampulla in Western Ghats. The model predicted cardamom cultivation areas insouthern Western Ghats are highly sensitive to invasion of I. ampulla underboth present and future climatic conditions. While the land area in the centralWestern Ghats is predicted to become unsuitable forI. ampulla andEllettariacardamomum in future, we found 71% of the Western Ghats land area is suitable for Ellettaria cardamomumcultivation and 45% suitable for I. ampulla,with an overlap of 35% between two species. The resulting distribution mapsare invaluable for policy makers and conservation managers to design andimplement management strategies minimizing the conflicts to sustain agricultural productivity while maintaining biodiversity in the region.